256HC Mast Sectionthe factors that affect the safety of tower crane
Tower crane plays an important role in the construction, so it becomes an important factor affecting the construction progress and quality. By analyzing the characteristics of safety management of tower crane and taking corresponding measures, the safety of tower crane can be improved and the effect of twice the result with half the effort can be achieved.
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The factors affecting the safety of tower crane are as follows:
(1) The working height of tower crane is from 20 meters to more than 400 meters. The driver, installation personnel and maintenance personnel are all working at heights. With the rapid development of urban construction, the space that can be left to the construction unit has been very small. In this narrow space, the operation of tower crane is inevitably beyond the scope of the construction site, and the boom activity area often extends to the non construction area, so it is more difficult to install and maintain the construction machinery than to work on the ground. Once a tower fall accident occurs, it is not only easy to cause casualties of drivers, installers and maintenance personnel, but also endangers the safety of buildings, equipment and personnel in the surrounding non construction area. The tower crane itself will be damaged, and a serious tower fall accident will cause a tragedy of "machine damage and human death".
(2) For the tower crane in the construction of middle and high-rise buildings, tie bars (wall frame attached) shall be used every 16-20 m to connect the tower body and the structure of the building with anchoring devices. Some tower toppling accidents are caused by the unfitness of the device or the wall structure quality, and the tower crane and the building will be damaged after the tower toppling.
(3) Different from most of the construction machinery which can be operated by machine alone, tower crane operation requires the cooperation of drivers, commanders (signalmen) and other special operators. Their technical quality or cooperation status also become the factors affecting the safety of tower crane. Some tower crane accidents are caused by poor technical quality or poor cooperation of one or more of them.
(4) Different from most internal combustion construction machinery, tower crane uses electricity as power source, and some tower crane operation areas have overhead power lines crossing over, so there are hidden dangers of electric shock in the internal and external environment of tower crane. Safe use of electricity and avoidance of overhead power lines is the primary part of tower crane safety management.
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(5) More than 100000 of the 200000 tower cranes currently in use in China are leased. Many tower crane accidents are caused by the inadequate safety management of one or both parties.
(6) In order to shorten the construction period and improve the work efficiency, there will be multiple tower cranes working in the same area at the same time during the construction of large buildings or groups of buildings. Due to the narrow construction site, there are potential safety hazards of mutual interference of command signal, wireless communication and boom. If not handled properly, it will cause safety accidents. The construction machinery working on the ground also has group operation, but there is little correlation between them.
(7) During the whole construction period, most construction machinery generally does not need to change the main structure, such as demolition and installation. In order to meet the construction requirements, tower cranes need to change the structure during the whole construction period of high-rise buildings, such as installation, demolition, multiple jacking, modification and so on. There are many hidden dangers of accidents.
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